[
 {
  "city": "austin",
  "project": "fence",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "No building permit for most fences 7 ft or lower outside a floodplain. A permit is required over 7 ft, in a floodplain, or over 6 ft along City right-of-way.",
  "conditions": [
   "Over 7 ft at any point: permit required",
   "In a floodplain: permit required",
   "Over 6 ft along City of Austin public right-of-way (not an alley): permit + letter of authorization"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "FY 2026-27 fee schedule took effect Oct. 1, 2026; fence fee not extracted.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/fees",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Austin Development Services (see Types of Permits for the right web form / AB+C Portal)",
  "apply_url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/types-permits",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/fencing-regulations",
    "quote": "A fence requires a permit if it: Is located in a floodplain. ... Is more than 7 feet high at any point. Is more than 6 feet high for residential property along the City of Austin public right-of-way (ROW), other than a public alley."
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/work-exempt-building-permits",
    "quote": "Unless located within a flood hazard area, a fence that is not over 7 feet (2,133.6 mm) high."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "Austin's Types of Permits page still describes the fence permit as 'over 8 feet high'; the exemption list and Fencing Regulations page say 7 ft. We use 7 ft (stricter); confirm locally.",
  "id": "austin-fence"
 },
 {
  "city": "austin",
  "project": "deck",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Exempt only if 200 sq ft or less, no more than 30 in above grade, not attached to the house, not used for egress, and not in a flood hazard area. Otherwise a residential building permit is required.",
  "conditions": [
   "200 sq ft or less",
   "30 in or less above grade at any point",
   "Not attached to the dwelling",
   "Does not provide egress",
   "Not in a flood hazard area"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee not extracted; see the official fee schedule.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/fees",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Austin Development Services (see Types of Permits for the right web form / AB+C Portal)",
  "apply_url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/types-permits",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/work-exempt-building-permits",
    "quote": "A deck that is no more than 200 square feet (18.58 m2 ) in area, is no more than 30 inches (762 mm) above grade at any point, is not attached to a dwelling or townhouse, does not provide egress from the dwelling, and is not located within a flood hazard area."
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/types-permits",
    "quote": "Building Permit Required for new construction, additions, or interior remodels of single-family ... uncovered deck, and/or pool."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "austin-deck"
 },
 {
  "city": "austin",
  "project": "shed",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "No building permit for a one-story detached shed up to 200 sq ft and 15 ft tall with no plumbing, not a dwelling, and not in a flood hazard area.",
  "conditions": [
   "One story, detached",
   "200 sq ft or less floor area",
   "15 ft or less in height",
   "No plumbing; does not create a dwelling",
   "Not in a flood hazard area"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee not extracted; see the official fee schedule.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/fees",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Austin Development Services (see Types of Permits for the right web form / AB+C Portal)",
  "apply_url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/types-permits",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/work-exempt-building-permits",
    "quote": "A one-story detached accessory structure that is no more than 200 square feet (18.58 m2 ) of floor area, no more than 15 feet (4,572 mm) in height, does not create a dwelling, contains no plumbing, and is not located within a flood hazard area."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "austin-shed"
 },
 {
  "city": "austin",
  "project": "water-heater",
  "permit_required": "unverified",
  "summary": "We could not find an official Austin page that explicitly states whether a like-for-like water heater replacement needs a permit. Austin issues stand-alone 'Plumbing Change Out' trade permits to registered contractors, which is likely the relevant permit.",
  "conditions": [
   "Trade permits are issued to Texas-licensed contractors or qualified homeowners (Homestead Permit)"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee not extracted; see the official fee schedule.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/fees",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Austin Development Services (see Types of Permits for the right web form / AB+C Portal)",
  "apply_url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/types-permits",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/types-permits",
    "quote": "Plumbing Change OutThis stand-alone permit is for plumbing change out work that does not require a formal review by plan review staff. You must be registered as a contractor before you apply."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "low",
  "status": "unverified",
  "notes": "Source does not name water heaters explicitly. Unverified, confirm locally.",
  "id": "austin-water-heater"
 },
 {
  "city": "austin",
  "project": "roof-replacement",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Replacing asphalt shingles with asphalt shingles, or any roof covering that does not affect the roof structure, is exempt unless the home is in the Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) and 50% or more of the roof is replaced. Structural roof work needs a permit.",
  "conditions": [
   "Exempt: shingle-for-shingle / non-structural roof covering replacement",
   "Permit: in WUI area and 50%+ of roofing replaced",
   "Permit: roof decking over 128 sq ft or structural changes"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee not extracted; see the official fee schedule.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/fees",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Austin Development Services (see Types of Permits for the right web form / AB+C Portal)",
  "apply_url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/types-permits",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/work-exempt-building-permits",
    "quote": "Asphalt shingles that replace existing asphalt shingles, unless the property is located in the Wildland-Urban Interface area and 50% or more of the roofing is being replaced."
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/work-exempt-building-permits",
    "quote": "Roof decking that does not exceed 128 square feet."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "austin-roof-replacement"
 },
 {
  "city": "austin",
  "project": "bathroom-remodel",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Finish work (paint, tile, cabinets, countertops) is exempt. An Interior Remodel Building Permit is required if the remodel changes structural components or adds/relocates plumbing fixtures; trade permits apply to plumbing/electrical/mechanical work.",
  "conditions": [
   "Exempt: painting, tiling, carpeting, cabinets, countertops, similar finish work",
   "Exempt: drywall repair up to 128 sq ft (not tub/shower surround)",
   "Permit: structural changes or new/relocated plumbing fixtures"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee not extracted; see the official fee schedule.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/fees",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Austin Development Services (see Types of Permits for the right web form / AB+C Portal)",
  "apply_url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/types-permits",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/types-permits",
    "quote": "Interior Remodel Building PermitRequired if changes to structural components and/or new/relocating plumbing fixtures."
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.austintexas.gov/development-services/work-exempt-building-permits",
    "quote": "Painting, papering, tiling, carpeting, cabinets, countertops, and similar finish work."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "austin-bathroom-remodel"
 },
 {
  "city": "phoenix",
  "project": "fence",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Fences 3 ft or lower need no permit. Fences over 3 ft need a building permit (zoning approval first); fences over 6 ft are reviewed against the building code.",
  "conditions": [
   "3 ft or less: exempt",
   "Over 3 ft up to 6 ft: building permit showing zoning/drainage compliance",
   "Over 6 ft: building permit with full code compliance"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Valuation-based (Table A): $98 minimum for residential water heaters and fences (valuation $1-$1,000); otherwise $195 base, then $12 per additional $1,000 up to $10,000.",
   "formula": "valuation<=1000 ? 98 : 195 + 12*ceil((valuation-1000)/1000) (to $10k)",
   "source_url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/content/dam/phoenix/pddsite/documents/impact-fees/fee-schedule.pdf",
   "verified": true
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Phoenix PDD Residential Projects",
  "apply_url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/administration/departments/pdd/residential-building/resident-plan-reviews.html",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/administration/departments/pdd/residential-building/resident-plan-reviews.html",
    "quote": "Fences taller than three feet"
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/content/dam/phoenix/pddsite/documents/trt/external/dsd_trt_pdf_00618.pdf",
    "quote": "Fences not over 3 feet (914 mm) high, accessory to one and two-family dwellings and townhouses. Fences not included in this exception, not over 6 feet (1829 mm) high, shall require a building permit demonstrating compliance with the zoning ordinance requirements and city code requirements for site drainage only."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "phoenix-fence"
 },
 {
  "city": "phoenix",
  "project": "deck",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Uncovered decks and platforms not more than 30 in above grade (not over a basement/story below) are exempt; higher decks or covered decks need a permit.",
  "conditions": [
   "30 in or less above grade",
   "No roof covering",
   "Not over any basement or story below; not part of an accessible route"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Valuation-based (Table A, effective 1/20/2026): $195 base for $1-$1,000; $195 + $12 per additional $1,000 to $10,000; $303 + $10 per $1,000 from $10,001-$50,000.",
   "formula": "see Table A",
   "source_url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/content/dam/phoenix/pddsite/documents/impact-fees/fee-schedule.pdf",
   "verified": true
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Phoenix PDD Residential Projects",
  "apply_url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/administration/departments/pdd/residential-building/resident-plan-reviews.html",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/content/dam/phoenix/pddsite/documents/trt/external/dsd_trt_pdf_00618.pdf",
    "quote": "Platforms, sidewalks and driveways not more than 30 inches (762 mm) above grade and not over any basement or story below and which are not part of an accessible route. Commentary: Decks, sport courts and other similar uses with no roof covering shall also be included in this exception."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "medium",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "Source PDF (TRT/DOC/00618) is dated 2021; Phoenix adopted a newer PBCC in 2025. Patio covers require permits per the Residential Projects page.",
  "id": "phoenix-deck"
 },
 {
  "city": "phoenix",
  "project": "shed",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "One-story detached sheds of 200 sq ft or less need no building permit; larger detached structures do. Adding utilities requires a permit for the utility work. Check zoning setbacks first.",
  "conditions": [
   "One story, detached",
   "200 sq ft or less aggregate floor area",
   "Utilities (power/water/gas) require their own permit"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Valuation-based (Table A, effective 1/20/2026): $195 base for $1-$1,000; $195 + $12 per additional $1,000 to $10,000; $303 + $10 per $1,000 from $10,001-$50,000.",
   "formula": "see Table A",
   "source_url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/content/dam/phoenix/pddsite/documents/impact-fees/fee-schedule.pdf",
   "verified": true
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Phoenix PDD Residential Projects",
  "apply_url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/administration/departments/pdd/residential-building/resident-plan-reviews.html",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/administration/departments/pdd/residential-building/resident-plan-reviews.html",
    "quote": "All new residential buildings, including detached structures larger than 200 square feet"
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/content/dam/phoenix/pddsite/documents/trt/external/dsd_trt_pdf_00918.pdf",
    "quote": "If shed under 200 square feet, no permit is required. If your shed will be over 200 square feet, you will need to submit drawings for review and a permit will be required."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "phoenix-shed"
 },
 {
  "city": "phoenix",
  "project": "water-heater",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "No permit is required when a licensed contractor replaces an existing water heater in a one- or two-family home. DIY (homeowner) water heater replacement requires a permit.",
  "conditions": [
   "Licensed contractor replacement: no permit",
   "DIY electric water heater replacement: permit required",
   "Gas line modifications: permit required"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Valuation-based (Table A): $98 minimum for residential water heaters and fences (valuation $1-$1,000); otherwise $195 base, then $12 per additional $1,000 up to $10,000.",
   "formula": "valuation<=1000 ? 98 : 195 + 12*ceil((valuation-1000)/1000) (to $10k)",
   "source_url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/content/dam/phoenix/pddsite/documents/impact-fees/fee-schedule.pdf",
   "verified": true
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Phoenix PDD Residential Projects",
  "apply_url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/administration/departments/pdd/residential-building/resident-plan-reviews.html",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/administration/departments/pdd/residential-building/resident-plan-reviews.html",
    "quote": "DIY electric water heater replacements (no permit is required if you use a licensed contractor)"
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/content/dam/phoenix/pddsite/documents/trt/external/dsd_trt_pdf_00618.pdf",
    "quote": "Replacement of an existing water heater in one- and two-family dwellings by a licensed contractor."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "phoenix-water-heater"
 },
 {
  "city": "phoenix",
  "project": "roof-replacement",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Re-roofing with the same type of material (and no more than two layers of asphalt shingles) needs no permit. Changing the roof structure or adding structural components such as plywood requires a permit.",
  "conditions": [
   "Same material type: exempt",
   "No more than two layers of asphalt shingles",
   "Structural changes or new sheathing: permit required"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Valuation-based (Table A, effective 1/20/2026): $195 base for $1-$1,000; $195 + $12 per additional $1,000 to $10,000; $303 + $10 per $1,000 from $10,001-$50,000.",
   "formula": "see Table A",
   "source_url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/content/dam/phoenix/pddsite/documents/impact-fees/fee-schedule.pdf",
   "verified": true
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Phoenix PDD Residential Projects",
  "apply_url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/administration/departments/pdd/residential-building/resident-plan-reviews.html",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/content/dam/phoenix/pddsite/documents/trt/external/dsd_trt_pdf_00618.pdf",
    "quote": "Re-roofing with the same type of material as the original roofing and provided not more than two layers of asphalt shingles are applied over an existing asphalt shingle roof."
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/content/dam/phoenix/pddsite/documents/trt/external/dsd_trt_pdf_00918.pdf",
    "quote": "If roof structure is changed, a permit is required. If doing a repair (like for like materials) with no structural additions, no permit is required."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "medium",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "Exemption source PDF is dated 2021; confirm it carried into the current PBCC.",
  "id": "phoenix-roof-replacement"
 },
 {
  "city": "phoenix",
  "project": "bathroom-remodel",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Replacing fixtures and cabinets in the same locations needs no permit. Moving or adding sinks, toilets or tubs, removing walls, gas line changes, or electrical updates require permits.",
  "conditions": [
   "Exempt: replacing existing fixtures, cabinets, flooring, painting",
   "Permit: moving or adding sinks, toilets, tubs",
   "Permit: wall removals, electrical updates, gas line modifications"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Valuation-based (Table A, effective 1/20/2026): $195 base for $1-$1,000; $195 + $12 per additional $1,000 to $10,000; $303 + $10 per $1,000 from $10,001-$50,000.",
   "formula": "see Table A",
   "source_url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/content/dam/phoenix/pddsite/documents/impact-fees/fee-schedule.pdf",
   "verified": true
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Phoenix PDD Residential Projects",
  "apply_url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/administration/departments/pdd/residential-building/resident-plan-reviews.html",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/administration/departments/pdd/residential-building/resident-plan-reviews.html",
    "quote": "Plumbing - permits are required to move or add sinks, toilets and tubs"
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.phoenix.gov/administration/departments/pdd/residential-building/resident-plan-reviews.html",
    "quote": "Kitchens \u2013replacing cabinets and fixtures in existing locations with no new electrical or structural changes"
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "phoenix-bathroom-remodel"
 },
 {
  "city": "charlotte",
  "project": "fence",
  "permit_required": "unverified",
  "summary": "We found no official statement on whether Mecklenburg County requires a building permit for a typical residential fence. The City of Charlotte requires a free CDOT Fence and Wall Certificate (in lieu of a permit) for fences built along a city street; zoning height limits apply.",
  "conditions": [
   "Along a city street or sidewalk: no-cost CDOT certificate required",
   "Back/side-yard fences: CDOT certificate not applicable",
   "Height limits and sight triangles set by zoning"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "CDOT Fence and Wall Certificate: no cost. Building/zoning fees: unverified.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://www.charlottenc.gov/Services/Permits/Fence-and-Wall-Certificates",
   "verified": true
  },
  "apply_name": "Charlotte DOT Fence and Wall Certificates",
  "apply_url": "https://www.charlottenc.gov/Services/Permits/Fence-and-Wall-Certificates",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.charlottenc.gov/Services/Permits/Fence-and-Wall-Certificates",
    "quote": "Per City Ordinance, any fence or wall constructed along a city street requires a no-cost certificate from the Charlotte Department of Transportation in lieu of a permit."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "low",
  "status": "unverified",
  "notes": "Building-permit status for back-yard fences not confirmed from an official source. Unverified, confirm locally.",
  "id": "charlotte-fence"
 },
 {
  "city": "charlotte",
  "project": "deck",
  "permit_required": "yes",
  "summary": "Mecklenburg County requires a building permit for decks of any size.",
  "conditions": [
   "Any size deck",
   "Repairs limited to pickets, railings, stair treads and decking do not need a permit"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee set by the Mecklenburg County LUESA Fee Ordinance; not extracted.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://mecknc.widen.net/s/lx7ksdvjhf/luesa-fee-ordinance",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "Mecklenburg County Code Enforcement - AccelaMeck portal",
  "apply_url": "https://code.mecknc.gov/customer-tools/aca",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://mecknc.widen.net/s/6nbjtvvfcj/when-you-need-a-building-permit",
    "quote": "Decks, carports and garages of any size"
   },
   {
    "url": "https://mecknc.widen.net/s/6nbjtvvfcj/when-you-need-a-building-permit",
    "quote": "Repairing pickets, railings, stair treads and decking on exterior decks, porches and balconies"
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "charlotte-deck"
 },
 {
  "city": "charlotte",
  "project": "shed",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "A shed or accessory building needs a building permit if any dimension is greater than 12 ft. Smaller sheds don't need a building permit but do need a zoning permit.",
  "conditions": [
   "All dimensions 12 ft or less: no building permit, zoning permit required",
   "Any dimension over 12 ft: building permit required"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee set by the Mecklenburg County LUESA Fee Ordinance; not extracted.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://mecknc.widen.net/s/lx7ksdvjhf/luesa-fee-ordinance",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "Mecklenburg County Code Enforcement - AccelaMeck portal",
  "apply_url": "https://code.mecknc.gov/customer-tools/aca",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://code.mecknc.gov/customer-tools/circ",
    "quote": "A storage shed, or an accessory building will need a building permit if any dimension is greater than 12 feet in any one dimension. If the building is less than 12 feet, it will not need a building permit, but it will need a zoning permit."
   },
   {
    "url": "https://mecknc.widen.net/s/6nbjtvvfcj/when-you-need-a-building-permit",
    "quote": "Backyard storage buildings exceeding 12 feet in any dimension"
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "charlotte-shed"
 },
 {
  "city": "charlotte",
  "project": "water-heater",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Like-for-like replacement in the same location by a licensed contractor does not need a permit. Replacing with a different type (or changing fuel, capacity, location or venting) needs a permit.",
  "conditions": [
   "Same location, like-for-like, licensed contractor: no permit",
   "Different type, fuel, capacity, location or venting: permit required"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee set by the Mecklenburg County LUESA Fee Ordinance; not extracted.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://mecknc.widen.net/s/lx7ksdvjhf/luesa-fee-ordinance",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "Mecklenburg County Code Enforcement - AccelaMeck portal",
  "apply_url": "https://code.mecknc.gov/customer-tools/aca",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://mecknc.widen.net/s/6nbjtvvfcj/when-you-need-a-building-permit",
    "quote": "Like-for-like water heater replacement as long as it remains in the same location (to be done by a licensed contractor only)"
   },
   {
    "url": "https://mecknc.widen.net/s/6nbjtvvfcj/when-you-need-a-building-permit",
    "quote": "Replacing a water heater of another type"
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_160D/GS_160D-1110.html",
    "quote": "in any one- or two-family dwelling unit a permit is not required for the connection of a water heater that is being replaced if (i) the work is performed by a person licensed under G.S. 87-21"
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "charlotte-water-heater"
 },
 {
  "city": "charlotte",
  "project": "roof-replacement",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Roof replacement costing $40,000 or less with the same type of materials and no structural work does not need a permit. Structural repairs (e.g. roof sheathing) or adding roofing require one.",
  "conditions": [
   "$40,000 or less, same materials, no structural work: no permit",
   "Roof sheathing / structural repair: permit required",
   "Adding roofing (not replacement): permit required"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee set by the Mecklenburg County LUESA Fee Ordinance; not extracted.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://mecknc.widen.net/s/lx7ksdvjhf/luesa-fee-ordinance",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "Mecklenburg County Code Enforcement - AccelaMeck portal",
  "apply_url": "https://code.mecknc.gov/customer-tools/aca",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://mecknc.widen.net/s/6nbjtvvfcj/when-you-need-a-building-permit",
    "quote": "Roofing replacement that does not exceed $40,000, uses the same type of materials and no structural work is performed"
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_160D/GS_160D-1110.html",
    "quote": "The addition of roofing, excluding replacement."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "Local zoning/historic rules may still apply to exterior work.",
  "id": "charlotte-roof-replacement"
 },
 {
  "city": "charlotte",
  "project": "bathroom-remodel",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Under NC law, residential work costing $40,000 or less usually needs no permit unless it adds or changes plumbing, electrical or HVAC, or touches load-bearing structure. Adding a sink/toilet or modifying plumbing needs a permit.",
  "conditions": [
   "$40,000 or less and like-for-like fixture replacement: no permit",
   "Adding a sink or water closet / modifying plumbing: permit",
   "New or relocated wiring/light fixtures: permit",
   "Load-bearing changes: permit",
   "Over $40,000: permit"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee set by the Mecklenburg County LUESA Fee Ordinance; not extracted.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://mecknc.widen.net/s/lx7ksdvjhf/luesa-fee-ordinance",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "Mecklenburg County Code Enforcement - AccelaMeck portal",
  "apply_url": "https://code.mecknc.gov/customer-tools/aca",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://mecknc.widen.net/s/6nbjtvvfcj/when-you-need-a-building-permit",
    "quote": "Adding an additional sink or water closet or modifying the plumbing system"
   },
   {
    "url": "https://code.mecknc.gov/permitting",
    "quote": "However, permits may not be required for any projects with work costing $40,000 or less, unless the work involves:"
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "charlotte-bathroom-remodel"
 },
 {
  "city": "columbus",
  "project": "fence",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Fences 6 ft or less need no building permit (zoning placement rules still apply in front yards and corner lots). Fences over 6 ft need a building permit and plans sealed by an architect or engineer.",
  "conditions": [
   "6 ft or less: no building permit",
   "Over 6 ft: building permit + sealed plans",
   "Front-yard and corner-lot fences: check zoning"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fence permit (1-3 family): $300, includes 2 inspections.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://www.columbus.gov/files/sharedassets/city/v/14/bzs/fee-schedule/2026-combined-development-related-fee-schedule.pdf",
   "verified": true
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Columbus Building and Zoning Services (Citizen Access Portal / 111 N Front St)",
  "apply_url": "https://www.columbus.gov/Business-Development/Building-Zoning-Services/Frequently-Asked-Questions",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.columbus.gov/files/sharedassets/city/v/2/building-and-zoning/document-library/typical-residential-projects-2026.pdf",
    "quote": "Build a fence 6 feet tall or less"
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.columbus.gov/Business-Development/Building-Zoning-Services/Frequently-Asked-Questions",
    "quote": "A fence 6 feet or less in height does not require a building permit, but the Zoning Code regulates the placement of fences even if they are less than 6 feet tall under certain circumstances related to safe visibility for motor vehicle operation."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "columbus-fence"
 },
 {
  "city": "columbus",
  "project": "deck",
  "permit_required": "yes",
  "summary": "Building a deck requires a permit and plan review in Columbus.",
  "conditions": [
   "Permit and plan review",
   "Site, footing, framing, elevation, guard/handrail and stair details required"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Deck permit (1-3 family): $350, includes 3 inspections.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://www.columbus.gov/files/sharedassets/city/v/14/bzs/fee-schedule/2026-combined-development-related-fee-schedule.pdf",
   "verified": true
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Columbus Building and Zoning Services (Citizen Access Portal / 111 N Front St)",
  "apply_url": "https://www.columbus.gov/Business-Development/Building-Zoning-Services/Frequently-Asked-Questions",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.columbus.gov/files/sharedassets/city/v/2/building-and-zoning/document-library/typical-residential-projects-2026.pdf",
    "quote": "Requires a permit and plan review: ... Build a deck"
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "Columbus's multifamily page lists size/height triggers for decks; for 1-3 family homes the Typical Residential Projects guide lists all decks as requiring a permit.",
  "id": "columbus-deck"
 },
 {
  "city": "columbus",
  "project": "shed",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Sheds under 200 sq ft need no building permit for 1-3 family homes; sheds 200 sq ft or larger need a permit and plan review. Zoning limits (15 ft height, lot coverage, setbacks) still apply.",
  "conditions": [
   "Under 200 sq ft: no building permit",
   "200 sq ft or larger: permit and plan review",
   "Max 15 ft height; lot coverage and side-yard rules apply"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Alterations/Accessory Structures (1-3 family): $385, includes 2 inspections.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://www.columbus.gov/files/sharedassets/city/v/14/bzs/fee-schedule/2026-combined-development-related-fee-schedule.pdf",
   "verified": true
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Columbus Building and Zoning Services (Citizen Access Portal / 111 N Front St)",
  "apply_url": "https://www.columbus.gov/Business-Development/Building-Zoning-Services/Frequently-Asked-Questions",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.columbus.gov/files/sharedassets/city/v/2/building-and-zoning/document-library/typical-residential-projects-2026.pdf",
    "quote": "Build a shed less than 200 square feet"
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.columbus.gov/Business-Development/Building-Zoning-Services/Frequently-Asked-Questions",
    "quote": "A building permit is required for a storage shed over 200 square feet."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "medium",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "Columbus sources conflict: the FAQ's general exemption list says 120 sq ft, while the 2026 guide and the FAQ's Storage Sheds section say 200 sq ft for 1-3 family homes. Confirm locally.",
  "id": "columbus-shed"
 },
 {
  "city": "columbus",
  "project": "water-heater",
  "permit_required": "yes",
  "summary": "Replacing a hot water tank requires a permit (no plan review).",
  "conditions": [
   "Permit required, no plan review",
   "Pulled by a licensed contractor or an owner-occupant doing their own work"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Minor Work Permit (plumbing, if on the Approved Minor Work Permit List): $140; standard MEP permit: $275.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://www.columbus.gov/files/sharedassets/city/v/14/bzs/fee-schedule/2026-combined-development-related-fee-schedule.pdf",
   "verified": true
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Columbus Building and Zoning Services (Citizen Access Portal / 111 N Front St)",
  "apply_url": "https://www.columbus.gov/Business-Development/Building-Zoning-Services/Frequently-Asked-Questions",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.columbus.gov/files/sharedassets/city/v/2/building-and-zoning/document-library/typical-residential-projects-2026.pdf",
    "quote": "Requires a permit, but not plan review: ... Replace a hot water tank"
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "Whether a water heater qualifies for the $140 Minor Work Permit was not confirmed (Minor Work list not fetched).",
  "id": "columbus-water-heater"
 },
 {
  "city": "columbus",
  "project": "roof-replacement",
  "permit_required": "yes",
  "summary": "Replacing a roof requires a Roof, Siding, Windows, Doors permit (no plan review). Structural roof work requires an alteration permit.",
  "conditions": [
   "Roof replacement: RSWD permit, 1 inspection",
   "Changing/repairing trusses or rafters: alteration permit"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Roof, Siding, Windows, and Doors (1-3 family): $140, 1 inspection.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://www.columbus.gov/files/sharedassets/city/v/14/bzs/fee-schedule/2026-combined-development-related-fee-schedule.pdf",
   "verified": true
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Columbus Building and Zoning Services (Citizen Access Portal / 111 N Front St)",
  "apply_url": "https://www.columbus.gov/Business-Development/Building-Zoning-Services/Frequently-Asked-Questions",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.columbus.gov/files/sharedassets/city/v/2/building-and-zoning/document-library/typical-residential-projects-2026.pdf",
    "quote": "Requires a permit, but not plan review: ... Replace roof"
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.columbus.gov/Business-Development/Building-Zoning-Services/Frequently-Asked-Questions",
    "quote": "The replacement of a roof, siding, windows or doors require a Roof, Siding, Windows, Doors permit."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "columbus-roof-replacement"
 },
 {
  "city": "columbus",
  "project": "bathroom-remodel",
  "permit_required": "yes",
  "summary": "A kitchen or bath remodel requires a permit and plan review. Cosmetic work (flooring, painting, cabinets, countertops) does not.",
  "conditions": [
   "Kitchen/bath remodel: permit and plan review",
   "Drywall replacement over 32 sq ft: permit and plan review",
   "Exempt: flooring, painting, cabinets, countertops"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Alterations (1-3 family): $385, includes 2 inspections; trade permits extra ($275 MEP).",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://www.columbus.gov/files/sharedassets/city/v/14/bzs/fee-schedule/2026-combined-development-related-fee-schedule.pdf",
   "verified": true
  },
  "apply_name": "City of Columbus Building and Zoning Services (Citizen Access Portal / 111 N Front St)",
  "apply_url": "https://www.columbus.gov/Business-Development/Building-Zoning-Services/Frequently-Asked-Questions",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://www.columbus.gov/files/sharedassets/city/v/2/building-and-zoning/document-library/typical-residential-projects-2026.pdf",
    "quote": "Requires a permit and plan review: ... Kitchen or bath remodel"
   },
   {
    "url": "https://www.columbus.gov/files/sharedassets/city/v/2/building-and-zoning/document-library/typical-residential-projects-2026.pdf",
    "quote": "Does not require a permit: ... Install cabinets or countertops"
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "medium",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "Fee category for a bath remodel inferred as 'Alterations'; confirm with BZS.",
  "id": "columbus-bathroom-remodel"
 },
 {
  "city": "denver",
  "project": "fence",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Fences under 4 ft need no permit (unless landmark/historic). All fences over 4 ft need a zoning permit; non-posthole fences over 4 ft and posthole fences over 8 ft also need a building permit. Max height is 4 ft in front yards and 6 ft in back yards.",
  "conditions": [
   "Under 4 ft: no permit (unless landmark/historic/parkway)",
   "Over 4 ft: zoning permit",
   "Over 4 ft (non-posthole) or over 8 ft (posthole): building permit too",
   "Pool/spa barrier fences: permit"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee not extracted; see the official fee schedule.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Development-Fees",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "Denver e-permits (select 'zoning permit')",
  "apply_url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Zoning-Permits/Apply-for-Commercial-Zoning-Permits/Fences-and-Walls",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Zoning-Permits/Apply-for-Commercial-Zoning-Permits/Fences-and-Walls",
    "quote": "All fences over four feet tall need a zoning permit. All walls, including retaining walls, over 12 inches high need a zoning permit."
   },
   {
    "url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Zoning-Permits/Apply-for-Commercial-Zoning-Permits/Fences-and-Walls",
    "quote": "Post-hole dug fences only need a building permit if they are taller than eight feet, but all other fence and wall types require building permits if they are over four feet tall."
   },
   {
    "url": "https://denvergov.org/files/assets/public/v/3/community-planning-and-development/documents/ds/building-codes/2025_denver_building_code.pdf",
    "quote": "Fences of any type not over 4 feet (1220 mm) high. Posthole-dug fences up to 8 feet (2440 mm) high, such as chain link, cedar pine, redwood, and wrought iron."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "denver-fence"
 },
 {
  "city": "denver",
  "project": "deck",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Uncovered decks of 200 sq ft or less with walking surfaces no more than 30 in above grade are exempt from a building permit. Larger, higher or covered decks need one.",
  "conditions": [
   "Uncovered",
   "200 sq ft or less",
   "Walking surface 30 in or less above grade at any point"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee not extracted; see the official fee schedule.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Development-Fees",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "Denver e-permits (Community Planning and Development)",
  "apply_url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Single-Family-and-Duplex-Projects/Homeowner-Permits",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://denvergov.org/files/assets/public/v/3/community-planning-and-development/documents/ds/building-codes/2025_denver_building_code.pdf",
    "quote": "Uncovered decks including associated guards, stairs, and ramps that do not exceed 200 square feet (18.58 m2) in area, with walking surfaces that are not more than 30 inches (762 mm) above grade at any point, and are regulated by the Denver Residential Code."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "Zoning permit requirements for decks were not checked.",
  "id": "denver-deck"
 },
 {
  "city": "denver",
  "project": "shed",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "No building permit for a one-story, detached, unconditioned shed with no more than 200 sq ft of projected roof area, 8-ft top plate and 14-ft max height. A zoning permit may still be needed (always in Former Chapter 59 zone districts).",
  "conditions": [
   "200 sq ft or less projected roof area",
   "8 ft top plate / 14 ft max height",
   "Max two lights and two receptacles (with electrical permit)",
   "Zoning permit unless it meets minor detached structure standards"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee not extracted; see the official fee schedule.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Development-Fees",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "Denver e-permits (Community Planning and Development)",
  "apply_url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Single-Family-and-Duplex-Projects/Homeowner-Permits",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Single-Family-and-Duplex-Projects/Residential-Sheds",
    "quote": "You do not need a building permit for one-story, detached, non-conditioned accessory buildings or structures; used as tool and storage sheds, playhouses, and similar uses; no more than 200 square feet of projected roof area, 8-ft top plate height, or 14-ft maximum height to any point."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "denver-shed"
 },
 {
  "city": "denver",
  "project": "water-heater",
  "permit_required": "yes",
  "summary": "Residential water heater replacement requires a plumbing quick permit (issued online without plan review). Denver's plumbing exemptions cover only like-for-like sinks, disposals and toilets.",
  "conditions": [
   "Plumbing quick permit via e-permits",
   "Gas/venting disconnection may also trigger a mechanical permit"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee not extracted; see the official fee schedule.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Development-Fees",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "Denver e-permits (Quick Permits > Plumbing)",
  "apply_url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Quick-Permits",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Quick-Permits",
    "quote": "Water heaters"
   },
   {
    "url": "https://denvergov.org/files/assets/public/v/3/community-planning-and-development/documents/ds/building-codes/2025_denver_building_code.pdf",
    "quote": "General repairs in one- and two-family dwellings and townhouse units that do not alter existing systems, including replacement of like units such as bathroom/kitchen sinks, garbage disposals and water closets."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "medium",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "The quick-permit page lists 'Water heaters' under single-family plumbing quick permits; it does not state the rule in a single sentence.",
  "id": "denver-water-heater"
 },
 {
  "city": "denver",
  "project": "roof-replacement",
  "permit_required": "yes",
  "summary": "A roof permit is required for roof replacement and for repairs larger than 10% of the roof (or two roof squares, whichever is smaller). Issued as a quick permit; landmark/historic properties need Landmark review first.",
  "conditions": [
   "Replacement or repair over 10% of roof / 2 squares: roof permit",
   "Structural framing changes: not a quick permit (plan review)",
   "Landmark/historic district: Landmark Preservation review"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee not extracted; see the official fee schedule.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Development-Fees",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "Denver e-permits (Quick Permits > Roofing)",
  "apply_url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Quick-Permits",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Quick-Permits",
    "quote": "Roof repair/replacement - All repairs that are more than 10% of the roof square footage or two roof squares (whichever is smaller) require a roof permit"
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "denver-roof-replacement"
 },
 {
  "city": "denver",
  "project": "bathroom-remodel",
  "permit_required": "depends",
  "summary": "Like-for-like replacement of cabinets, countertops, flooring and plumbing/electrical fixtures needs no permit. Floor-plan changes, load-bearing work, or new/relocated plumbing or electrical fixtures require construction and trade permits.",
  "conditions": [
   "Exempt: like-for-like cabinets, countertops, flooring, fixtures",
   "Exempt: drywall less than one 4x8 sheet",
   "Permit: new or relocated plumbing/electrical fixtures, floor-plan or structural changes"
  ],
  "fee": {
   "text": "Fee not extracted; see the official fee schedule.",
   "formula": null,
   "source_url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Development-Fees",
   "verified": false
  },
  "apply_name": "Denver e-permits (Community Planning and Development)",
  "apply_url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Single-Family-and-Duplex-Projects/Homeowner-Permits",
  "sources": [
   {
    "url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Single-Family-and-Duplex-Projects/Residential-Interior-Remodel",
    "quote": "If you are replacing (like-for-like) existing cabinets, countertops, flooring, ventilation, plumbing and/or electrical fixtures, you do not need a permit."
   },
   {
    "url": "https://denvergov.org/Government/Agencies-Departments-Offices/Agencies-Departments-Offices-Directory/Community-Planning-and-Development/Plan-Review-Permits-and-Inspections/Single-Family-and-Duplex-Projects/Residential-Interior-Remodel",
    "quote": "Permits are required when your project includes alterations to the existing floor plan; structural changes that affect load-bearing walls; adding, resizing, or removing interior or exterior doorways, windows, skylights, egress windows; new or rerouted ductwork; or n ew or relocated electrical or plumbing fixtures."
   }
  ],
  "verified_date": "2026-10-19",
  "confidence": "high",
  "status": "verified",
  "notes": "",
  "id": "denver-bathroom-remodel"
 }
]